Stakeholders generally hold specific knowledge, expertise, concerns, and objectives that can contribute to effective AI system design. Stakeholder expectations, needs and feedback throughout the AI-LC should be considered. Cohorts include government regulatory bodies, and civil society organizations monitoring AI impact and advocating users’ rights, industry, and people affected by AI systems. There are groups whose knowledge or expertise is valuable for AI system design, but they do not necessarily have needs or requirements for the system because they will not be users or consumers. Both groups need to be involved.